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Geospatial and hydrogeophysical appraisal of a shallow aquifer in crystalline hard rocks: insights for sustainable irrigation practices in the Nagavali watershed, India.

Appalanaidu E, Sonkamble S, Surinaidu L, Nagaiah E, Chandra S.

HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-025-02990-4 

The study from Nagavali watershed, Southern India comprises, integrated geospatial, electrical resistivity tomography and hydrogeology to understand the shallow and deep aquifer dynamics in hard rock areas. Results show that shallow aquifers (< 30 m) are highly dynamic, with water levels fluctuating up to 5.6 m seasonally, making them vulnerable to overuse. While deeper aquifers are more stable due to regional connectivity. The research provides groundwater potential and recharge maps that help farmers to use groundwater more sustainably, supporting agriculture while protecting long-term water supplies.

Groundwater potential zone map of Nagavali watershed, receiver operator characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) for validation of GWPZ, inverse model resistivity sections of the a ERT-1 geoelectric model and lithology model.

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